Research Confirms the Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity

• Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical activity reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 31%
• Participants lost a total of 3 kg, but gained significant health benefits
• The diet can also reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease

The research, conducted as part of an eight-year clinical trial in Spain, showed that adherence to the Mediterranean diet with regular physical activity significantly reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. More than 4,700 adults aged 55 to 75 years, who had metabolic syndrome and were overweight, participated in the trial.

Participants were divided into two groups. One group adhered to the traditional Mediterranean diet, which included more fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil, while limiting the consumption of meat and added sugars. The other group, in addition to following the diet, reduced their daily calorie intake by 600 and engaged in physical activities, including 45 minutes of aerobic exercise six days a week.

The results indicated that participants who reduced their calorie intake and engaged in sports had a 31% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, despite a modest weight loss—approximately 3 kg over the study period. Researchers believe that a combination of modest weight loss, improved diet, and regular physical activity is more effective in preventing diabetes than focusing on a single factor.

The Mediterranean diet, recognized as the best in the world for eight consecutive years, may also have additional benefits, such as reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The research indicated that this diet can improve health and prevent dementia, especially if adhered to in later life.

Tags: Well-being/Research